Publications

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Kravcik M, Wang X, Ullrich C and Igel C (2018), "Towards Competence Development for Industry 4.0", In Artificial Intelligence in Education. Cham , pp. 442-446. Springer International Publishing.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Kravcik18Towards,
  author = {Kravcik, Milos and Wang, Xia and Ullrich, Carsten and Igel, Christoph},
  editor = {Penstein Rosé, Carolyn and Martínez-Maldonado, Roberto and Hoppe, H. Ulrich and Luckin, Rose and Mavrikis, Manolis and Porayska-Pomsta, Kaska and McLaren, Bruce and du Boulay, Benedict},
  title = {Towards Competence Development for Industry 4.0},
  booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  year = {2018},
  pages = {442--446},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Kravcik18Towards.pdf}
}
(2017), "Bildungsräume 2017: DeLFI 2017, Die 15. e-Learning Fachtagung Informatik, der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V." Vol. {P-273} Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn.
(2018), "Joint Proceedings of the Pre-Conference Workshops of DeLFI and GMW 2017 co-located with 15th e-Learning Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2017) and the 25th Annual Conference of the Gesellschaft für Medien in der Wissenschaft (GMW 2017), Chemnitz, Germany, September 5, 2017" Vol. 2092 CEUR-WS.org.
BibTeX:
@proceedings{Ullrich18Joint,,
  editor = {Carsten Ullrich and Martin Wessner},
  title = {Joint Proceedings of the Pre-Conference Workshops of DeLFI and GMW 2017 co-located with 15th e-Learning Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2017) and the 25th Annual Conference of the Gesellschaft für Medien in der Wissenschaft (GMW 2017), Chemnitz, Germany, September 5, 2017},
  publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
  year = {2018},
  volume = {2092},
  url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2092}
}
BibTeX:
@proceedings{Igel17Bildungsraume,,
  editor = {Christoph Igel and Carsten Ullrich and Martin Wessner},
  title = {Bildungsräume 2017: DeLFI 2017, Die 15. e-Learning Fachtagung Informatik, der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.},
  publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn},
  year = {2017},
  volume = {P-273},
  url = {https://dl.gi.de/handle/20.500.12116/4276/browse?type=title}
}
Ullrich C and Igel C (2017), "Reflecting on APPsist, a Service-based Architecture for AI-based Support on the Shop Floor", In Proceedings of the Workshop on European TEL for Workplace Learning and Professional Development. European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL-17), Data Driven Approaches in Digital Education, located at 12th European Conference on Technology-Enhanced Learning. CEUR.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich17Reflecting,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Christoph Igel},
  editor = {Vania Dimitrova and Ralf Klamma and Tobias Ley and Stefanie Lindstaedt},
  title = {Reflecting on APPsist, a Service-based Architecture for AI-based Support on the Shop Floor},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on European TEL for Workplace Learning and Professional Development. European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL-17), Data Driven Approaches in Digital Education, located at 12th European Conference on Technology-Enhanced Learning},
  publisher = {CEUR},
  year = {2017},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich17Reflecting.pdf}
}
Ullrich C, Hauser-Ditz A, Kreggenfeld N, Prinz C and Igel C (2017), "Assistenz und Wissensvermittlung am Beispiel von Montage- und Instandhaltungstätigkeiten", In Zukunft der Arbeit -- Eine praxisnahe Betrachtung. , pp. 107-122. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Ullrich17Assistenz,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Axel Hauser-Ditz and Niklas Kreggenfeld and Christopher Prinz and Christoph Igel},
  editor = {Steffen Wischmann and Ernst Andreas Hartmann},
  title = {Assistenz und Wissensvermittlung am Beispiel von Montage- und Instandhaltungstätigkeiten},
  booktitle = {Zukunft der Arbeit -- Eine praxisnahe Betrachtung},
  publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
  year = {2017},
  pages = {107--122},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich17Assistenz.pdf},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-49266-6_8}
}
Kreggenfeld N, Prinz C, Ullrich C and Kuhlenkötter B (2017), "Vorgehensmodell zur Identifikation, Aufnahme und Aufbereitung von Prozesswissen in der Industrie 4.0", In Bildungsräume 2017: DeLFI 2017, Die 15. e-Learning Fachtagung Informatik, der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), 5. bis 8. September 2017, Chemnitz. Vol. {P-273}, pp. 137-142. Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Kreggenfeld17Vorgehensmodell,
  author = {Niklas Kreggenfeld and Christopher Prinz and Carsten Ullrich and Bernd Kuhlenkötter},
  editor = {Christoph Igel and Carsten Ullrich and Martin Wessner},
  title = {Vorgehensmodell zur Identifikation, Aufnahme und Aufbereitung von Prozesswissen in der Industrie 4.0},
  booktitle = {Bildungsräume 2017: DeLFI 2017, Die 15. e-Learning Fachtagung Informatik, der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), 5. bis 8. September 2017, Chemnitz},
  publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn},
  year = {2017},
  volume = {P-273},
  pages = {137--142},
  url = {https://dl.gi.de/20.500.12116/4835}
}
Kravcik M, Ullrich C and Igel C (2017), "Towards Industry 4.0: Leveraging the Internet of Things for Workplace Learning and Training", In Proceedings of the Workshop on European TEL for Workplace Learning and Professional Development. European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL-17), Data Driven Approaches in Digital Education, located at 12th European Conference on Technology-Enhanced Learning. CEUR.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Kravcik17Towards,
  author = {Milos Kravcik and Carsten Ullrich and Christoph Igel},
  editor = {Vania Dimitrova and Ralf Klamma and Tobias Ley and Stefanie Lindstaedt},
  title = {Towards Industry 4.0: Leveraging the Internet of Things for Workplace Learning and Training},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on European TEL for Workplace Learning and Professional Development. European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL-17), Data Driven Approaches in Digital Education, located at 12th European Conference on Technology-Enhanced Learning},
  publisher = {CEUR},
  year = {2017},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Kravcik17Towards.pdf}
}
Kravcik M, Ullrich C and Igel C (2017), "Supporting Awareness and Reflection in Companies to Move towards Industry 4.0", In Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Awareness and Reflection in Technology Enhanced Learning. European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL-17), located at 12th European Conference on Technology-Enhanced Learning. CEUR.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Kravcik17Supporting,
  author = {Milos Kravcik and Carsten Ullrich and Christoph Igel},
  editor = {Milos Kravcik and Alexander Mikroyannidis and Viktoria Pammer and Michael Prilla},
  title = {Supporting Awareness and Reflection in Companies to Move towards Industry 4.0},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Awareness and Reflection in Technology Enhanced Learning. European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL-17), located at 12th European Conference on Technology-Enhanced Learning},
  publisher = {CEUR},
  year = {2017},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Kravcik17Supporting.pdf}
}
Kravcik M, Ullrich C and Igel C (2017), "The Potential of the Internet of Things for Supporting Learning and Training in the Digital Age", In Positive Learning in the Age of Information (PLATO) - A blessing or a curse?. , pp. 399-412. Springer.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Kravcik17Potential,
  author = {Milos Kravcik and Carsten Ullrich and Christoph Igel},
  editor = {Olga Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia and Gabriel Wittum and Andreas Dengel},
  title = {The Potential of the Internet of Things for Supporting Learning and Training in the Digital Age},
  booktitle = {Positive Learning in the Age of Information (PLATO) - A blessing or a curse?},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {2017},
  pages = {399--412},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Kravcik17Potential.pdf}
}
Ullrich C (2016), "Rules for adaptive learning and assistance on the shop floor", In Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age. , pp. 261-268. IADIS Press.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich16Rules,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  editor = {Demetrios G. Sampson and J. Michael Spector and Dirk Ifenthaler and Pedro Isaías},
  title = {Rules for adaptive learning and assistance on the shop floor},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age},
  publisher = {IADIS Press},
  year = {2016},
  pages = {261--268},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich16Rules.pdf}
}
Ullrich C (2016), "An Ontology for Learning Services on the Shop Floor", In Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age. , pp. 17-24. IADIS Press.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich16Ontology,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  editor = {Demetrios G. Sampson and J. Michael Spector and Dirk Ifenthaler and Pedro Isaías},
  title = {An Ontology for Learning Services on the Shop Floor},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age},
  publisher = {IADIS Press},
  year = {2016},
  pages = {17--24},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich16Ontology.pdf}
}
Ullrich C, Hauser-Ditz A, Kreggenfeld N, Prinz C and Igel C (2016), "Unterstützung von arbeitsplatzintegriertem Lernen in der Produktion durch Assistenz- und Wissensdienste", In Digitale Bildungslandschaften. , pp. 282-295. IMC AG.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Ullrich16Unterstuetzung,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Axel Hauser-Ditz and Niklas Kreggenfeld and Christopher Prinz and Christoph Igel},
  editor = {August-Wilhelm Scheer and Christian Wachter},
  title = {Unterstützung von arbeitsplatzintegriertem Lernen in der Produktion durch Assistenz- und Wissensdienste},
  booktitle = {Digitale Bildungslandschaften},
  publisher = {IMC AG},
  year = {2016},
  pages = {282--295},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich16Unterstuetzung.pdf}
}
Ullrich C, Hauser-Ditz A, Kreggenfeld N, Prinz C and Igel C (2016), "Assistenz und Wissensvermittlung am Beispiel von Montage- und Instandhaltungstätigkeiten", In Zukunft der Arbeit -- eine praxisnahe Betrachtung. Springer Verlag.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Ullrich16Assistenz,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Axel Hauser-Ditz and Niklas Kreggenfeld and Christopher Prinz and Christoph Igel},
  editor = {Stefan Wischmann},
  title = {Assistenz und Wissensvermittlung am Beispiel von Montage- und Instandhaltungstätigkeiten},
  booktitle = {Zukunft der Arbeit -- eine praxisnahe Betrachtung},
  publisher = {Springer Verlag},
  year = {2016},
  note = {In press}
}
Ullrich C, Aust M, Dietrich M, Herbig N, Igel C, Kreggenfeld N, Prinz C, Raber F, Schwantzer S and Sulzmann F (2016), "APPsist Statusbericht: Realisierung einer Plattform für Assistenz- und Wissensdienste für die Industrie 4.0", In Proceedings of DeLFI Workshops 2016 co-located with 14th e-Learning Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2016). , pp. 174-180. CEUR-WS.org.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich16APPsist,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Matthias Aust and Michael Dietrich and Nico Herbig and Christoph Igel and Niklas Kreggenfeld and Christopher Prinz and Frederic Raber and Simon Schwantzer and Frank Sulzmann},
  editor = {Raphael Zender},
  title = {APPsist Statusbericht: Realisierung einer Plattform für Assistenz- und Wissensdienste für die Industrie 4.0},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of DeLFI Workshops 2016 co-located with 14th e-Learning Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2016)},
  publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
  year = {2016},
  pages = {174--180},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich16APPsist.pdf}
}
Schütze G, Averbeck I, Finken J, Freith S and Ullrich C (2016), "Implementierung eines Aufnahmewerkzeugs für die semi-automatische Erstellung von Lernszenarien", In Proceedings of DeLFI Workshops 2016 co-located with 14th e-Learning Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2016). , pp. 195-201. CEUR-WS.org.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Schuetze16Implementierung,
  author = {Glenn Schütze and Ines Averbeck and Julia Finken and Sebastian Freith and Carsten Ullrich},
  editor = {Raphael Zender},
  title = {Implementierung eines Aufnahmewerkzeugs für die semi-automatische Erstellung von Lernszenarien},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of DeLFI Workshops 2016 co-located with 14th e-Learning Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2016)},
  publisher = {CEUR-WS.org},
  year = {2016},
  pages = {195--201},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Schuetze16Implementierung.pdf}
}
Ullrich C (2016), "Verortung von Assistenz- und Wissensdiensten im Industrie 4.0 Referenzmodell RAMI 4.0", In Softwarearchitekturen für Industrie 4.0: RAMI und IIRA aus Sicht der Projekte im Technologieprogramm AUTONOMIK für Industrie 4.0. , pp. 34-37.
Abstract: Dieser Beitrag untersucht, wie sich Assistenz- und Wissensdienste auf das Referenzmodell RAMI 4.0 abbilden lassen. Dies geschieht geleitet durch die Ergebnisse des Verbundprojektes APPsist, in dem eine neue Generation mobiler, kontextsensitiver und intelligent-adaptiver Assistenzsysteme zur Wissens- und Handlungsunterstützung für die Industrie 4.0 entwickelt wurde. Es werden die drei unterschiedlichen APPsist-Pilotszenarien hinsichtlich ihrer Verortung in RAMI 4.0 untersucht und der Versuch unternommen, daraus allgemeine Erkenntnisse zu Assistenz- und Wissensdiensten in RAMI 4.0 abzuleiten.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich16Verortung,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  editor = {VDI/VDE Institut für Innovation und Technik},
  title = {Verortung von Assistenz- und Wissensdiensten im Industrie 4.0 Referenzmodell RAMI 4.0},
  booktitle = {Softwarearchitekturen für Industrie 4.0: RAMI und IIRA aus Sicht der Projekte im Technologieprogramm AUTONOMIK für Industrie 4.0},
  year = {2016},
  pages = {34--37},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich16Verortung.pdf}
}
Ullrich C, Hauser-Ditz A, Kreggenfeld N, Prinz C and Igel C (2016), "Unterstützung von arbeitsplatzintegriertem Lernen in der Produktion durch Assistenz- und Wissensdienste -- Industrie 4.0 wird im Projekt APPsist Realität", IM+io. , pp. 76-81.
Abstract: Die Beherrschung der Komplexität und Flexibilität der Industrie 4.0 wird neue Formen der Arbeits- und Lernorganisation erfordern. Assistenz- und Wissensdienste können durch intelligent-adaptive Unterstützung beim Wissenserwerb und der Durchführung bisher nicht oder wenig beherrschter Tätigkeiten die Handlungsspielräume von Mitarbeitern erweitern und deren Arbeit aufwerten.
BibTeX:
@article{Ullrich16Unterstutzung,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Axel Hauser-Ditz and Niklas Kreggenfeld and Christopher Prinz and Christoph Igel},
  title = {Unterstützung von arbeitsplatzintegriertem Lernen in der Produktion durch Assistenz- und Wissensdienste -- Industrie 4.0 wird im Projekt APPsist Realität},
  journal = {IM+io},
  year = {2016},
  pages = {76--81},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich16Unterstutzung.pdf}
}
Welling S, Freith S, Ullrich C and Schütze G (2016), "Neue Lernformen in der industriellen Produktion - Personelle, technische und organisatorische Anforderungen an arbeitsplatzintegriertes Lernen mit digitalen Medien", Industrie 4.0 Management. Vol. 3, pp. 7-10.
BibTeX:
@article{Welling16Neue,
  author = {Stefan Welling and Sebastian Freith and Carsten Ullrich and Glenn Schütze},
  title = {Neue Lernformen in der industriellen Produktion - Personelle, technische und organisatorische Anforderungen an arbeitsplatzintegriertes Lernen mit digitalen Medien},
  journal = {Industrie 4.0 Management},
  year = {2016},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {7--10},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Welling16Neue.pdf}
}
Ullrich C, Aust M, Blach R, Dietrich M, Igel C, Kreggenfeld N, Kahl D, Prinz C and Schwantzer S (2015), "Assistance- and Knowledge-Services for Smart Production", In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Knowledge Technologies and Data-driven Business. ACM.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich15Assistance,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Matthias Aust and Roland Blach and Michael Dietrich and Christoph Igel and Niklas Kreggenfeld and Denise Kahl and Christopher Prinz and Simon Schwantzer},
  editor = {Stefanie Lindstaedt and Tobias Ley and Harald Sack},
  title = {Assistance- and Knowledge-Services for Smart Production},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Knowledge Technologies and Data-driven Business},
  publisher = {ACM},
  year = {2015},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich15Assistance.pdf}
}
Ullrich C, Aust M, Blach R, Dietrich M, Igel C, Kreggenfeld N, Kahl D, Prinz C and Schwantzer S (2015), "Assistenz- und Wissensdienste für den Shopfloor", In Proceedings of DeLFI Workshops 2015 co-located with 13th e-Learning Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2015). Vol. 1443, pp. 47-55. CEUR-WS.org.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich15Assistenz,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and
Matthias Aust and
Roland Blach and
Michael Dietrich and
Christoph Igel and
Niklas Kreggenfeld and
Denise Kahl and
Christopher Prinz and
Simon Schwantzer}, editor = {Sabine Rathmayer and
Hans Pongratz}, title = {Assistenz- und Wissensdienste für den Shopfloor}, booktitle = {Proceedings of DeLFI Workshops 2015 co-located with 13th e-Learning Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2015)}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, year = {2015}, volume = {1443}, pages = {47--55}, url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich15Assistenz.pdf} }
Ullrich C, Aust M, Blach R, Dietrich M, Igel C, Kreggenfeld N, Kahl D, Prinz C and Schwantzer S (2015), "Eine Architektur für intelligent-adaptive Assistenz- und Wissensdienste in der Industrie 4.0", In Industrie 4.0 : Grundlagen und Anwendungen ; Branchentreff der Berliner Wissenschaft und Industrie. , pp. 111-123. DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V..
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich15Eine,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Matthias Aust and Roland Blach and Michael Dietrich and Christoph Igel and Niklas Kreggenfeld and Denise Kahl and Christopher Prinz and Simon Schwantzer},
  editor = {Stephan Schäfer and Carsten Pinnow},
  title = {Eine Architektur für intelligent-adaptive Assistenz- und Wissensdienste in der Industrie 4.0},
  booktitle = {Industrie 4.0 : Grundlagen und Anwendungen ; Branchentreff der Berliner Wissenschaft und Industrie},
  publisher = {DIN Deutsches Institut fü!r Normung e.V.},
  year = {2015},
  pages = {111--123},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich15Eine.pdf}
}
Kreimeier D, Freith S and Ullrich C (2015), "Wissenserhalt durch digitale Medien in der Lernfabrik", Industrie 4.0 Management. (3), pp. 69-72.
BibTeX:
@article{Kreimeier15Wissenserhalt,
  author = {Dieter Kreimeier and Sebastian Freith and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Wissenserhalt durch digitale Medien in der Lernfabrik},
  journal = {Industrie 4.0 Management},
  year = {2015},
  number = {3},
  pages = {69--72},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Kreimeier15Wissenserhalt.pdf}
}
Freith S, Schütze G, Ullrich C, Welling S, Kreimeier D and Kuhlenkötter B (2015), "Digitale Lernszenarien zur ganzheitlichen Unterstützung
von Mitarbeitern im Arbeitsalltag"
, In Proceedings of DeLFI Workshops 2015 co-located with 13th e-Learning
Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2015), Munich, Germany,
September 1, 2015.. Vol. 1443, pp. 79-87. CEUR-WS.org.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Freith15Digitale,
  author = {Sebastian Freith and
Glenn Schütze and
Carsten Ullrich and
Stefan Welling and
Dieter Kreimeier and
Bernd Kuhlenkötter}, editor = {Sabine Rathmayer and
Hans Pongratz}, title = {Digitale Lernszenarien zur ganzheitlichen Unterstützung
von Mitarbeitern im Arbeitsalltag}, booktitle = {Proceedings of DeLFI Workshops 2015 co-located with 13th e-Learning
Conference of the German Computer Society (DeLFI 2015), Munich, Germany,
September 1, 2015.}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, year = {2015}, volume = {1443}, pages = {79--87}, url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Freith15Digitale.pdf} }
Govaerts S, Verbert K, Bogdanov E, Isaksson E, Dahrendorf D, Ullrich C, Scheffel M, Rojas SL and Gillet D (2015), "Lessons Learned from the Development of the ROLE PLE Framework", In Responsive Open Learning Environments. , pp. 185-217. Springer International Publishing.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Govaerts15Lessons,
  author = {Govaerts, Sten and Verbert, Katrien and Bogdanov, Evgeny and Isaksson, Erik and Dahrendorf, Daniel and Ullrich, Carsten and Scheffel, Maren and Rojas, Sarah Leon and Gillet, Denis},
  editor = {Kroop, Sylvana and Mikroyannidis, Alexander and Wolpers, Martin},
  title = {Lessons Learned from the Development of the ROLE PLE Framework},
  booktitle = {Responsive Open Learning Environments},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  year = {2015},
  pages = {185--217},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Govaerts15Lessons.pdf},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-02399-1_8}
}
Gu Y, Sosnovsky SA and Ullrich C (2015), "Modeling Children's Pedestrian Safety Skills in an Intelligent Virtual
Reality Learning Environment"
, In Artificial Intelligence in Education - 17th International Conference,
AIED 2015, Madrid, Spain, June 22-26, 2015. Proceedings. Vol. 9112, pp. 604-607. Springer.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Gu15Modeling,
  author = {Yecheng Gu and
Sergey A. Sosnovsky and
Carsten Ullrich}, editor = {Cristina Conati and
Neil T. Heffernan and
Antonija Mitrovic and
M. Felisa Verdejo}, title = {Modeling Children's Pedestrian Safety Skills in an Intelligent Virtual
Reality Learning Environment}, booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education - 17th International Conference,
AIED 2015, Madrid, Spain, June 22-26, 2015. Proceedings}, publisher = {Springer}, year = {2015}, volume = {9112}, pages = {604--607}, url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Gu15Modeling.pdf} }
Gu Y, Sosnovsky SA and Ullrich C (2015), "SafeChild: An Intelligent Virtual Reality Environment for Training
Pedestrian Safety Skills"
, In Design for Teaching and Learning in a Networked World - 10th European
Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2015, Toledo,
Spain, September 15-18, 2015, Proceedings. Vol. 9307, pp. 141-154. Springer.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Gu15SafeChild,
  author = {Yecheng Gu and
Sergey A. Sosnovsky and
Carsten Ullrich}, editor = {Gráinne Conole and
Tomaz Klobucar and
Christoph Rensing and
Johannes Konert and
Élise Lavoué}, title = {SafeChild: An Intelligent Virtual Reality Environment for Training
Pedestrian Safety Skills}, booktitle = {Design for Teaching and Learning in a Networked World - 10th European
Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2015, Toledo,
Spain, September 15-18, 2015, Proceedings}, publisher = {Springer}, year = {2015}, volume = {9307}, pages = {141--154}, url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Gu15SafeChild.pdf} }
Vieritz H, Ullrich C, Isaksson E, Schmitz H-C, von der Heiden B, Borau K, Shen R, Palmér M, Lind T and Laaksoharju M (2015), "Case Study 1: Using Widget Bundles for Formal Learning in Higher Education", In Responsive Open Learning Environments. , pp. 79-113. Springer International Publishing.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Vieritz15Case,
  author = {Vieritz, Helmut and Ullrich, Carsten and Isaksson, Erik and Schmitz, Hans-Christian and von der Heiden, Bodo and Borau, Kerstin and Shen, Ruimin and Palmér, Matthias and Lind, Thomas and Laaksoharju, Mikael},
  editor = {Kroop, Sylvana and Mikroyannidis, Alexander and Wolpers, Martin},
  title = {Case Study 1: Using Widget Bundles for Formal Learning in Higher Education},
  booktitle = {Responsive Open Learning Environments},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  year = {2015},
  pages = {79--113},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Vieritz15Case.pdf},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-02399-1_4}
}
Kreimeier D, Kreggenfeld N, Prinz C, Igel C and Ullrich C (2014), "Intelligente Wissensdienste in Cyber-Physischen Systemen", Industrie Management.
BibTeX:
@article{Kreimeier14Intelligente,
  author = {Dieter Kreimeier and Niklas Kreggenfeld and Christopher Prinz and Christoph Igel and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Intelligente Wissensdienste in Cyber-Physischen Systemen},
  journal = {Industrie Management},
  year = {2014},
  note = {in print}
}
Mikroyannidis A, Connolly T, Law E, Schmitz H-C, Vieritz H, Nussbaumer A, Berthold M, Ullrich C and Dhir A (2014), "Self-Regulated Learning in Formal Education: Perceptions, Challenges and Opportunities", International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning.
BibTeX:
@article{Mikroyannidis14Self,
  author = {Alexander Mikroyannidis and Teresa Connolly and Effie Law and Hans-Christian Schmitz and Helmut Vieritz and Alexander Nussbaumer and Marcel Berthold and Carsten Ullrich and Amandeep Dhir},
  title = {Self-Regulated Learning in Formal Education: Perceptions, Challenges and Opportunities},
  journal = {International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning},
  year = {2014},
  note = {in print}
}
Nillius D, Pieroth D, Dawson A, von Müller L, Gärtner B, Schlotthauer U, Thieme-Ruffing S, Meyer C, Rech J, Hennefeld V, Spinath F, Walther P, Ullrich C, Igel C, Mischler RD, Heudorf U and Herrmann M (2014), "Seit fünf Jahren gemeinsam auf dem Weg: das MRE-Netzwerk Hessen-Saarland", Hygiene & Medizin. Vol. 39(12), pp. 496-503.
BibTeX:
@article{Nillius14Seit,
  author = {D. Nillius and D. Pieroth and A. Dawson and L. von Müller and B. Gärtner and U. Schlotthauer and S.d Thieme-Ruffing and C. Meyer and J. Rech and V. Hennefeld and F. Spinath and P. Walther and C. Ullrich and C. Igel and R. D. Mischler and U. Heudorf and M. Herrmann},
  title = {Seit fünf Jahren gemeinsam auf dem Weg: das MRE-Netzwerk Hessen-Saarland},
  journal = {Hygiene & Medizin},
  year = {2014},
  volume = {39},
  number = {12},
  pages = {496--503},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Nillius14Seit.pdf}
}
Ullrich C, Shen R and Borau K (2013), "Learning from Learning Objects and Their Repositories to Create Sustainable Educational App Environments", In Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies. Washington, DC, USA , pp. 285-287. IEEE Computer Society.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich13Learning,
  author = {Ullrich, Carsten and Shen, Ruimin and Borau, Kerstin},
  title = {Learning from Learning Objects and Their Repositories to Create Sustainable Educational App Environments},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  year = {2013},
  pages = {285--287},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich13Learning.pdf},
  doi = {10.1109/ICALT.2013.88}
}
Ullrich C, Shen R and Xie W (2013), "Analyzing Student Viewing Patterns in Lecture Videos", In Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies. Washington, DC, USA , pp. 115-117. IEEE Computer Society.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich13Analyzing,
  author = {Ullrich, Carsten and Shen, Ruimin and Xie, Weikai},
  title = {Analyzing Student Viewing Patterns in Lecture Videos},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  year = {2013},
  pages = {115--117},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich13Analyzing.pdf},
  doi = {10.1109/ICALT.2013.38}
}
Zhang L, Ullrich C and Shen R (2013), "A Rapid Authoring Tool for Converting Existing Online Resources into Widgets", In Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies. Washington, DC, USA , pp. 41-42. IEEE Computer Society.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Zhang13Rapid,
  author = {Zhang, Lujia and Ullrich, Carsten and Shen, Ruimin},
  title = {A Rapid Authoring Tool for Converting Existing Online Resources into Widgets},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  year = {2013},
  pages = {41--42},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Zhang13Rapid.pdf},
  doi = {10.1109/ICALT.2013.17}
}
Bogdanov E, Ullrich C, Isaksson E, Palmer M and Gillet D (2013), "Towards PLEs through Widget Spaces in Moodle", Computer Science and Information Systems Journal. Vol. 11(1), pp. 443-460.
BibTeX:
@article{Bogdanov13Towards,
  author = {Bogdanov, Evgeny and Ullrich, Carsten and Isaksson, Erik and Palmer, Matthias and Gillet, Denis},
  title = {Towards PLEs through Widget Spaces in Moodle},
  journal = {Computer Science and Information Systems Journal},
  year = {2013},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {443--460},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Bogdanov13Towards.pdf},
  doi = {10.2298/CSIS121216016B}
}
Bogdanov E, Ullrich C, Isaksson E, Palmer M and Gillet D (2012), "From LMS to PLE: a step forward through opensocial apps in Moodle", In Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Advances in Web-Based Learning. Berlin, Heidelberg , pp. 69-78. Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Bogdanov12From,
  author = {Bogdanov, Evgeny and Ullrich, Carsten and Isaksson, Erik and Palmer, Matthias and Gillet, Denis},
  title = {From LMS to PLE: a step forward through opensocial apps in Moodle},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Advances in Web-Based Learning},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2012},
  pages = {69--78},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Bogdanov12From.pdf},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-33642-3_8}
}
Friedrich M, Wolpers M, Shen R, Ullrich C, Klamma R, Renzel D, Richert A and von der Heiden B (2011), "Early Results of Experiments with Responsive Open Learning Environments", Journal of Universal Computer Science. Vol. 17(3), pp. 451-471.
Abstract: Responsive open learning environments (ROLEs) are the next generation of personal learning environments (PLEs). While PLEs rely on the simple aggregation of existing content and services mainly using Web 2.0 technologies, ROLEs are transforming lifelong learning by introducing a new infrastructure on a global scale while dealing with existing learning management systems, institutions, and technologies. The requirements engineering process in highly populated test-beds is as important as the technology development. In this paper, we will describe first experiences deploying ROLEs at two higher learning institutions in very different cultural settings. The Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China and at the Center for Learning and Knowledge Management and Department of Information Management in Mechanical Engineering (ZLW/IMA) at RWTH Aachen University have exposed ROLEs to theirs students in already established courses. The results demonstrated to readiness of the technology for large-scale trials and the benefits for the students leading to new insights in the design of ROLEs also for more informal learning situations.
BibTeX:
@article{Friedrich11Early,
  author = {M. Friedrich and M. Wolpers and R. Shen and C. Ullrich and R. Klamma and D. Renzel and A. Richert and B. von der Heiden},
  title = {Early Results of Experiments with Responsive Open Learning Environments},
  journal = {Journal of Universal Computer Science},
  year = {2011},
  volume = {17},
  number = {3},
  pages = {451--471},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Friedrich11Early.pdf}
}
Govaerts S, Verbert K, Dahrendorf D, Ullrich C, Schmidt M, Werkle M, Chatterjee A, Nussbaumer A, Renzel D, Scheffel M, Friedrich M, Santos JL, Duval E and Law EL-C (2011), "Towards responsive open learning environments: the ROLE interoperability framework", In Proceedings of the 6th European conference on Technology enhanced learning: towards ubiquitous learning. Berlin, Heidelberg , pp. 125-138. Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Govaerts11Towards,
  author = {Govaerts, Sten and Verbert, Katrien and Dahrendorf, Daniel and Ullrich, Carsten and Schmidt, Manuel and Werkle, Michael and Chatterjee, Arunangsu and Nussbaumer, Alexander and Renzel, Dominik and Scheffel, Maren and Friedrich, Martin and Santos, Jose Luis and Duval, Erik and Law, Effie L.-C.},
  title = {Towards responsive open learning environments: the ROLE interoperability framework},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th European conference on Technology enhanced learning: towards ubiquitous learning},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2011},
  pages = {125--138},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Govaerts11Towards.pdf}
}
Luo H, Shen R, Niu C and Ullrich C (2011), "Learning Class-relevant Features and Class-irrelevant Features via a Hybrid third-order RBM", In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS). Vol. 15, pp. 470-478.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Luo11Learning,
  author = {Heng Luo and Ruimin Shen and Changyong Niu and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Learning Class-relevant Features and Class-irrelevant Features via a Hybrid third-order RBM},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)},
  year = {2011},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {470--478},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Luo11Learning.pdf}
}
Luo H, Shen R, Niu C and Ullrich C (2011), "Sparse Group Restricted Boltzmann Machines", In Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2011, San Francisco, California, USA, August 7-11, 2011. AAAI Press.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Luo11Sparse,
  author = {Heng Luo and Ruimin Shen and Changyong Niu and Carsten Ullrich},
  editor = {Wolfram Burgard and Dan Roth},
  title = {Sparse Group Restricted Boltzmann Machines},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2011, San Francisco, California, USA, August 7-11, 2011},
  publisher = {AAAI Press},
  year = {2011},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Luo11Sparse.pdf}
}
Mödritscher F, Krumay B, El Helou S, Gillet D, Nussbaumer A, Albert D, Dahn I and Ullrich C (2011), "May I Suggest? Comparing Three PLE Recommender Strategies", Digital Education Review DER. Vol. 20, pp. 1-13.
BibTeX:
@article{Modritscher11May,
  author = {Mödritscher, Felix and Krumay, Barbara and El Helou, Sandy and Gillet, Denis and Nussbaumer, Alexander and Albert, Dietrich and Dahn, Ingo and Ullrich, Carsten},
  title = {May I Suggest? Comparing Three PLE Recommender Strategies},
  journal = {Digital Education Review DER},
  year = {2011},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {1--13},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Modritscher11May.pdf}
}
Modritscher F, Krumay B, El Helou S, Gillet D, Govaerts S, Duval E, Nussbaumer A, Albert D, Dahn I and Ullrich C (2011), "May I suggest? Three PLE recommender strategies in comparison", In Proceedings of the The PLE Conference 2011. , pp. 1-11.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Modritscher11Maya,
  author = {Modritscher, Felix and Krumay, Barbara and El Helou, Sandy and Gillet, Denis and Govaerts, Sten and Duval, Erik and Nussbaumer, Alexander and Albert, Dietrich and Dahn, Ingo and Ullrich, Carsten},
  title = {May I suggest? Three PLE recommender strategies in comparison},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the The PLE Conference 2011},
  year = {2011},
  pages = {1--11},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Modritscher11Maya.pdf}
}
Tan X, Ullrich C and Shen R (2011), "From Europe to China: Adapting Courseware Generation to a Different Educational Context", In Intelligent and Adaptive Learning Systems: Technology Enhanced Support for Learners and Teachers. , pp. 59-70. IGI Global.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Tan12From,
  author = {Xiaohong Tan and Carsten Ullrich and Ruimin Shen},
  editor = {Sabine Graf and Fuhua Lin and Kinshuk and Rory McGreal},
  title = {From Europe to China: Adapting Courseware Generation to a Different Educational Context},
  booktitle = {Intelligent and Adaptive Learning Systems: Technology Enhanced Support for Learners and Teachers},
  publisher = {IGI Global},
  year = {2011},
  pages = {59--70},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Tan12From.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P. & Ullrich, C. (2011), "Culturally Aware Mathematics Education Technology", In Handbook of Research in Culturally-Aware Information Technology: Perspectives and Models. , pp. 543-557. IGI Global.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Melis11Culturally,
  author = {Erica Melis and Giorgi Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Culturally Aware Mathematics Education Technology},
  booktitle = {Handbook of Research in Culturally-Aware Information Technology: Perspectives and Models},
  publisher = {IGI Global},
  year = {2011},
  pages = {543--557},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melis11Culturally.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-883-8.ch025}
}
Yu B, Ullrich C and Shen R (2011), "Visualization of Students’ Activities to Support Teachers and Students in Personal Learning Environments", In Proceedings of International Higher Education. , pp. 3-10.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Yu11Visualization,
  author = {Bo Yu and Carsten Ullrich and Ruimin Shen},
  editor = {Piet Kommers, Ji-ping Zhang, Tomayess Issa and Pedro Isaias},
  title = {Visualization of Students’ Activities to Support Teachers and Students in Personal Learning Environments},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of International Higher Education},
  year = {2011},
  pages = {3--10},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Yu11Visualization.pdf}
}
Scheffel, M., Schmitz, H.-C., Shen, R., Ullrich, C. & Wolpers, M. (2010), "Responsive Open Learning Environments for Computer-assisted Language Learning", Sprache und Datenverarbeitung. Vol. 34(2), pp. 65-80.
BibTeX:
@article{Scheffel10Responsive,
  author = {Maren Scheffel and Hans-Christian Schmitz and Ruimin Shen and Carsten Ullrich and Martin Wolpers},
  title = {Responsive Open Learning Environments for Computer-assisted Language Learning},
  journal = {Sprache und Datenverarbeitung},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {34},
  number = {2},
  pages = {65--80},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Scheffel10Responsive.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C., Shen, R. & Gillet, D. (2010), "Not Yet Ready for Everyone: An Experience Report about a Personal Learning Environment for Language Learning", In Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010. Berlin, Heidelberg. Volume 6483, pp. 269-278. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.
Abstract: A Personal Learning Environment (PLE) is a mash-up of learning services. It enables students and teachers to assemble a work environment that is adapted to a domain and specific individual needs. In this article, we report on our experiences on using a PLE for Language Learning in five French lectures at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Continuing Education School. We found that while a PLE has the potential to simplify access to and usage of Web sites and services for language learning, students will use it only if properly motivated. Furthermore, at the time being, difficulties that result from the user interface and technical implementation make the interactions with PLEs difficult. The problems need to be overcome in order for PLEs to become adopted by the average, not technically highly literate students and teachers.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich10Not,
  author = {Ullrich, Carsten and Shen, Ruimin and Gillet, Denis},
  title = {Not Yet Ready for Everyone: An Experience Report about a Personal Learning Environment for Language Learning},
  booktitle = {Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010},
  publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {6483},
  pages = {269--278},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich10Not.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17407-0\_28}
}
Ullrich, C., Borau, K., Grant, S., Jackson, D. & Shen, R. (2010), "Cross-Cultural Multimedia Language Learning: Case Study and Analysis", In Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010. Berlin, Heidelberg. Volume 6483, pp. 404-409. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.
Abstract: This paper describes a pedagogical pattern for cross-cultural language learning and its application in a case study involving learners in Australia and China. The pattern uses a multimedia discussion tool as its main component, supported by video conferencing and chat. We analyze how students interacted with the tools, especially the documents they created and the commenting behavior. Based on this analysis, we give a set of recommendations relevant to practitioners and researchers in technology-enhanced language learning.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich10Cross-Cultural,
  author = {Ullrich, Carsten and Borau, Kerstin and Grant, Scott and Jackson, Daniel and Shen, Ruimin},
  title = {Cross-Cultural Multimedia Language Learning: Case Study and Analysis},
  booktitle = {Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010},
  publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {6483},
  pages = {404--409},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich10Cross-Cultural.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17407-0\_44}
}
Jednoralski, D., Melis, E., Sosnovsky, S. & Ullrich, C. (2010), "Gap Detection in Web-Based Adaptive Educational Systems", In Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010. Berlin, Heidelberg. Volume 6483, pp. 111-120. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.
Abstract: Content development for adaptive educational systems is known to be an error-prone task. Gaps can occur when the content is created, modified or when the context of its usage changes. This paper aims at improving the existing practises of learning content quality control in adaptive educational systems by automating the detection and management of gaps. Several categories of gaps are identified to account for structural, linguistic, and semantic inconsistencies in collections of learning content. An effective filtering mechanism has been implemented in order to separate the collected gap data into categories that are relevant for the current authoring context. An evaluation of the developed tool demonstrates its utility.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Jednoralski10Gap,
  author = {Jednoralski, Dominik and Melis, Erica and Sosnovsky, Sergey and Ullrich, Carsten},
  title = {Gap Detection in Web-Based Adaptive Educational Systems},
  booktitle = {Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010},
  publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {6483},
  pages = {111--120},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Jednoralski10Gap.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17407-0\_12}
}
Melis, E., Faulhaber, A., Doost, A. & Ullrich, C. (2010), "Supporting Flexible Competency Frameworks", In Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010. Berlin, Heidelberg. Volume 6483, pp. 210-219. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.
Abstract: Since Bloom's initial work on competencies in 1956, various competency systems have been designed and used to assess students' competencies. Different pedagogical researchers and stakeholders prefer different systems. We have been collaborating with them. Such systems are essential for the adaptation by adaptive intelligent tutoring systems. Now, this paper presents how ActiveMath integrates several competency systems to bridge the gap between different competency systems and thereby facilitating the reuse of learning objects across system boundaries. The combination of competency-related data is achieved by mapping a new competency system to the internal one.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Melis10Supporting,
  author = {Melis, Erica and Faulhaber, Arndt and Doost, Ahmad and Ullrich, Carsten},
  title = {Supporting Flexible Competency Frameworks},
  booktitle = {Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010},
  publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {6483},
  pages = {210--219},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melis10Supporting.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17407-0\_22}
}
Li, N., Ullrich, C., El Helou, S. & Gillet, D. (2010), "Using Social Software for Teamwork and Collaborative Project Management in Higher Education", In Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010. Berlin, Heidelberg. Volume 6483, pp. 161-170. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.
Abstract: This paper discusses the potential role of social software in supporting teamwork and collaborative project management in higher education. Based on the fact that social software has been widely spread among young students nowadays, using it for collaborative learning is believed to increase students' involvement and create learning incentives. Two social software platforms, Graaasp and Google Wave are examined in terms of sustaining collaborative learning activities. Relevant existing features and possible extensions that enhance the learning experience are addressed. Benefits and challenges resulting from the bottom-up learning paradigm are also presented.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Li10Using,
  author = {Li, Na and Ullrich, Carsten and El Helou, Sandy and Gillet, Denis},
  title = {Using Social Software for Teamwork and Collaborative Project Management in Higher Education},
  booktitle = {Advances in Web-Based Learning ICWL 2010},
  publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {6483},
  pages = {161--170},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Li10Using.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17407-0\_17}
}
Tan, X., Ullrich, C., Scheuer, O., Melis, E. & Shen, R. (2010), "Requirements of Chinese teachers for online student tracking and a comparison to their Western counterparts", In Satellite Workshops of ICWL 2010 -- International Workshop on cognitive-based interctive computing and web wisdom (CICW'10)., pp. 102-110.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Tan10Requirements,
  author = {Xiaohong Tan and Carsten Ullrich and Oliver Scheuer and Erica Melis and Ruimin Shen},
  title = {Requirements of Chinese teachers for online student tracking and a comparison to their Western counterparts},
  booktitle = {Satellite Workshops of ICWL 2010 -- International Workshop on cognitive-based interctive computing and web wisdom (CICW'10)},
  year = {2010},
  pages = {102--110},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Tan10Requirements.pdf}
}
Wang, Y., Ullrich, C. & Xie, W. (2010), "Understanding Viewing Pattern in e-Learning VOD Systems", In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Education Technology and Training (ETT 2010). IEEE.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Wang10Understanding,
  author = {Yuxi Wang and Carsten Ullrich and Weikai Xie},
  title = {Understanding Viewing Pattern in e-Learning VOD Systems},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Education Technology and Training (ETT 2010)},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  year = {2010},
  note = {in print},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs//Wang10Understanding.pdf}
}
Wolpers, M., Friedrich, M., Shen, R., Ullrich, C., Klamma, R. & Renzel, D. (2010), "Early Experiences with Responsive Open Learning Environments", In Proceeding of the 10th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies (I-KNOW 2010). Graz, Austria., pp. 391-402.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Wolpers10Early,
  author = {Martin Wolpers and Martin Friedrich and Ruimin Shen and Carsten Ullrich and Ralf Klamma and Dominik Renzel},
  title = {Early Experiences with Responsive Open Learning Environments},
  booktitle = {Proceeding of the 10th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies (I-KNOW 2010)},
  year = {2010},
  pages = {391--402},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Wolpers10Early.pdf}
}
Stepanyan, K., Borau, K. & Ullrich, C. (2010), "A Social Network Analysis Perspective on Student Interaction within the Twitter Microblogging Environment". Los Alamitos, CA, USA., pp. 70-72. IEEE Computer Society.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Stepanyan10Social,
  author = {Karen Stepanyan and Kerstin Borau and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {A Social Network Analysis Perspective on Student Interaction within the Twitter Microblogging Environment},
  journal = {Advanced Learning Technologies, IEEE International Conference on},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  year = {2010},
  pages = {70--72},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Stepanyan10Social.pdf},
  doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ICALT.2010.27}
}
Tan, X., Ullrich, C., Wang, Y. & Shen, R. (2010), "The Design and Application of an Automatic Course Generation System for Large-Scale Education". Los Alamitos, CA, USA., pp. 607-609. IEEE Computer Society.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Tan10Design,
  author = {Xiaohong Tan and Carsten Ullrich and Yan Wang and Ruimin Shen},
  title = {The Design and Application of an Automatic Course Generation System for Large-Scale Education},
  journal = {Advanced Learning Technologies, IEEE International Conference on},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  year = {2010},
  pages = {607--609},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Tan10Design.pdf},
  doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ICALT.2010.172}
}
Ullrich, C. & Melis, E. (2010), "Complex Course Generation Adapted to Pedagogical Scenarios and its Evaluation", Educational Technology & Society. Vol. 13(2), pp. 102-115.
BibTeX:
@article{Ullrich10Complex,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Erica Melis},
  title = {Complex Course Generation Adapted to Pedagogical Scenarios and its Evaluation},
  journal = {Educational Technology & Society},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {102--115},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich10Complex.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C., Shen, R., Ren, T. & Tan, X. (2010), "A Mobile Live Video Learning System for Large-Scale Learning - System Design and Evaluation", IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies. Vol. 3(1), pp. 6-17.
BibTeX:
@article{Ullrich10Mobile,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Ruimin Shen and Tong Ren and Xiaohong Tan},
  title = {A Mobile Live Video Learning System for Large-Scale Learning - System Design and Evaluation},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies},
  year = {2010},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6--17},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich10Mobile.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C., Borau, K. & Stepanyan, K. (2010), "Who Students Interact with? A Social Network Analysis Perspective on the use of Twitter in Language Learning", In Proceedings of EC-TEL 2010., pp. 432-437. Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich10Who,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Kerstin Borau and Karen Stepanyan},
  title = {Who Students Interact with? A Social Network Analysis Perspective on the use of Twitter in Language Learning},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of EC-TEL 2010},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2010},
  pages = {432--437},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich10Who.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. & Melis, E. (2009), "Pedagogically Founded Courseware Generation based on HTN-Planning", Expert Systems With Applications. Tarrytown, NY, USA Vol. 36(5), pp. 9319-9332. Pergamon Press, Inc..
BibTeX:
@article{Ullrich09Pedagogically,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Erica Melis},
  title = {Pedagogically Founded Courseware Generation based on HTN-Planning},
  journal = {Expert Systems With Applications},
  publisher = {Pergamon Press, Inc.},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {36},
  number = {5},
  pages = {9319--9332},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich09Pedagogically.pdf}
}
Borau, K., Ullrich, C., Feng, J. & Shen, R. (2009), "Microblogging for Language Learning: Using Twitter to Train Communicative and Cultural Competence", In Advances in Web Based Learning -- ICWL 2009. Aachen, Germany.(5686), pp. 78-87. Springer Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Borau09Microblogging,
  author = {Kerstin Borau and Carsten Ullrich and Jinjin Feng and Ruimin Shen},
  title = {Microblogging for Language Learning: Using Twitter to Train Communicative and Cultural Competence},
  booktitle = {Advances in Web Based Learning -- ICWL 2009},
  publisher = {Springer Verlag},
  year = {2009},
  number = {5686},
  pages = {78--87},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Borau09Microblogging.pdf}
}
Borau, K., Ullrich, C. & Kroop, S. (2009), "Mobile learning with Open Learning Environments at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China", Learning Technology., January--April, 2009. Vol. 11(1\&2)
BibTeX:
@article{Borau09Mobile,
  author = {Kerstin Borau and Carsten Ullrich and Sylvana Kroop},
  title = {Mobile learning with Open Learning Environments at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China},
  journal = {Learning Technology},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1&2},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Borau09Mobile.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P. & Ullrich, C. (2009), "ActiveMath -- a Learning Platform With Semantic Web Features", In Ontologies and Semantic Web for e-Learning. IOS Press.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Melis09ActiveMath,
  author = {Erica Melis and Giorgi Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {ActiveMath -- a Learning Platform With Semantic Web Features},
  booktitle = {Ontologies and Semantic Web for e-Learning},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  year = {2009},
  note = {in print},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melis09ActiveMath.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P. & Ullrich, C. (2009), "Culturally adapted mathematics education with ActiveMath", AI & Society., Oct, 2009. Vol. 24(3), pp. 251-265.
BibTeX:
@article{Melis09Culturally,
  author = {Melis, Erica and Goguadze, Giorgi and Libbrecht, Paul and Ullrich, Carsten},
  title = {Culturally adapted mathematics education with ActiveMath},
  journal = {AI & Society},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {24},
  number = {3},
  pages = {251--265},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melis09Culturally.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00146-009-0215-4}
}
Ullrich, C., Lu, T. & Melis, E. (2009), "Just-In-Time Adaptivity Through Dynamic Items", In User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization Seventeenth International Conference, UMAP 2009. Trento, Italy. Volume LNCS 5535, pp. 373-378. Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich09Just-In-Time,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Tianxiang Lu and Erica Melis},
  title = {Just-In-Time Adaptivity Through Dynamic Items},
  booktitle = {User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization Seventeenth International Conference, UMAP 2009},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {LNCS 5535},
  pages = {373--378},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich09Just-In-Time.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C., Wang, J., Shen, R. & Quosdorf, F. (2009), "Opportunities for AI in Intelligent Web-Based Technology-Supported Learning", In International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence. Los Alamitos, CA, USA. Volume 4, pp. 510-514. IEEE Computer Society.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich09Opportunities,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Jian Wang and Ruimin Shen and Frank Quosdorf},
  title = {Opportunities for AI in Intelligent Web-Based Technology-Supported Learning},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {510--514},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich09Opportunities.pdf},
  doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/AICI.2009.69}
}
Ullrich, C., Lu, T. & Melis, E. (2009), "A New Framework for Dynamic Adaptations and Actions", In Learning in the Synergy of Multiple Disciplines, Proceedings of EC-TEL. Volume 5794, pp. 67-72. Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich09New,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Tianxiang Lu and Erica Melis},
  title = {A New Framework for Dynamic Adaptations and Actions},
  booktitle = {Learning in the Synergy of Multiple Disciplines, Proceedings of EC-TEL},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2009},
  volume = {5794},
  pages = {67--72},
  note = {in print},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich09New.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04636-0_8}
}
Wang, J., Shen, R., Ullrich, C., Luo, H., Niu, C. & Shen, L. (2009), "Metadata-based Delivery Framework for P2PTV", In Proceeding of the 1st IEEE Symposium on Web Society.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Wang09Metadata-based,
  author = {Jian Wang and Ruimin Shen and Carsten Ullrich and Heng Luo and Changyong Niu and Liping Shen},
  title = {Metadata-based Delivery Framework for P2PTV},
  booktitle = {Proceeding of the 1st IEEE Symposium on Web Society},
  year = {2009}
}
Wang, J., Shen, R., Ullrich, C., Luo, H. & Niu, C. (2009), "Resisting free-riding behavior in BitTorrent", Future Generation Computer Systems.
BibTeX:
@article{Wang09Resisting,
  author = {Jian Wang and Ruimin Shen and Carsten Ullrich and Heng Luo and Changyong Niu},
  title = {Resisting free-riding behavior in BitTorrent},
  journal = {Future Generation Computer Systems},
  year = {2009},
  note = {In Press, Corrected Proof},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V06-4WCTWJH-2/2/60cd8bb321b55efafccf7b8367448701},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2009.05.014}
}
Luo, H., Niu, C., Shen, R. & Ullrich, C. (2008), "A collaborative filtering framework based on both local user similarity and global user similarity", Machine Learning. Vol. 72(3), pp. 231-245.
BibTeX:
@article{Luo08collaborative,
  author = {Heng Luo and Changyong Niu and Ruimin Shen and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {A collaborative filtering framework based on both local user similarity and global user similarity},
  journal = {Machine Learning},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {72},
  number = {3},
  pages = {231--245},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10994-008-5068-4}
}
Luo, H., Niu, C., Shen, R. & Ullrich, C. (2008), "A Collaborative Filtering Framework Based on Both Local User Similarity and Global User Similarity", In ECML PKDD '08: Proceedings of the 2008 European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases - Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg., pp. 12-12. Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Luo08CollaborativeP,
  author = {Luo, Heng and Niu, Changyong and Shen, Ruimin and Ullrich, Carsten},
  title = {A Collaborative Filtering Framework Based on Both Local User Similarity and Global User Similarity},
  booktitle = {ECML PKDD '08: Proceedings of the 2008 European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases - Part I},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {12--12},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Luo08CollaborativeP.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87479-9_10}
}
Ullrich, C. & Libbrecht, P. (2008), "Educational Services in the ActiveMath Learning Environment", In The Learning Grid Handbook: Concepts, Technologies and Applications., March, 2008. , pp. 211-236. IOS Press Amsterdam.
Abstract: ACTIVEMATH is a Web-based learning environment for mathematics. In this article, we discuss ACTIVEMATH from a service and semantics perspective. We describe the service-oriented technologies of ACTIVEMATH and how the services interplay with the domain semantics (mathematics) and the pedagogical semantics used, e. g., for course generation. More specifically, we provide details on the knowledge representation for mathematics we use in ACTIVEMATH and how it is used to represent learning materials. We also elaborate on the representation of learning objects from a pedagogical point-of-view, that is, how we capture the instructional semantics. We then show how learning goals are represented and how a course generator assembles sequences of learning objects to fulfil these goals. Some tools in ACTIVEMATH are client-based and require different techniques. We use our assembly tool as an example to illustrate how ACTIVEMATH integrates client-based tools.
BibTeX:
@incollection{Ullrich-08-Grid-Educational,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Paul Libbrecht},
  title = {Educational Services in the ActiveMath Learning Environment},
  booktitle = {The Learning Grid Handbook: Concepts, Technologies and Applications},
  publisher = {IOS Press Amsterdam},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {211--236},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/UllrichLibbrecht-ServiceArch-ElegiBook.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2008), "Course Generation as a Hierarchical Task Network Planning Problem", KI. Vol. 3, pp. 72-74.
BibTeX:
@article{Ullrich08Course,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Course Generation as a Hierarchical Task Network Planning Problem},
  journal = {KI},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {72--74},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-CG-KI08.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2008), "Pedagogically Founded Courseware Generation for Web-Based Learning -- An HTN-Planning-Based Approach Implemented in PAIGOS", September, 2008. Vol. 5260 Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@book{Ullrich08Pedagogically,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Pedagogically Founded Courseware Generation for Web-Based Learning -- An HTN-Planning-Based Approach Implemented in PAIGOS},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {5260},
  note = {ISBN 978-3-540-88213-8},
  url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/k604618p5351}
}
Ullrich, C., Borau, K., Luo, H., Tan, X., Shen, L. & Shen, R. (2008), "Why Web 2.0 is Good for Learning and for Research: Principles and Prototypes", In Proceedings of the 17th International World Wide Web Conference., pp. 705-714. ACM.
Abstract: The term "Web 2.0" is used to describe applications that distinguish themselves from previous generations of software by a number of principles. Existing work shows that Web 2.0 applications can be successfully exploited for technology-enhance learning. However, in-depth analyses of the relationship between Web 2.0 technology on the one hand and teaching and learning on the other hand are still rare. In this article, we will analyze the technological principles of the Web 2.0 and describe their pedagogical implications on learning. We will furthermore show that Web 2.0 is not only well suited for learning but also for research on learning: the wealth of services that is available and their openness regarding API and data allow to assemble prototypes of technology-supported learning applications in amazingly small amount of time. These prototypes can be used to evaluate research hypotheses quickly. We will present two example prototypes and discuss the lessons we learned from building and using these prototypes.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich08Why,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Kerstin Borau and Heng Luo and Xiaohong Tan and Liping Shen and Ruimin Shen},
  title = {Why Web 2.0 is Good for Learning and for Research: Principles and Prototypes},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th International World Wide Web Conference},
  publisher = {ACM},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {705--714},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich08Why.pdf},
  doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1367497.1367593}
}
Wan, C., Ullrich, C., Chen, L., Huang, R., Luo, J. & Shi, Z. (2008), "On Solving QoS-Aware Service Selection Problem with Service Composition", In Seventh International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing, 2008. GCC '08.., pp. 467-474.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Wan08Solving,
  author = {Wan, Changlin and Ullrich, Carsten and Chen, Limin and Huang, Rui and Luo, Jiewen and Shi, Zhongzhi},
  title = {On Solving QoS-Aware Service Selection Problem with Service Composition},
  booktitle = {Seventh International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing, 2008. GCC '08.},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {467--474},
  url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4662903},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/GCC.2008.75}
}
(2007), "Proceedings of the 2005 Joint Chinese-German Workshop on Cognitive Systems" Shanghai, China, March, 2007. Vol. 4429 Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@proceedings{Luetal-WSCog-2007,,
  title = {Proceedings of the 2005 Joint Chinese-German Workshop on Cognitive Systems},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {4429},
  url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/p036136q7382/}
}
Melis, E., Shen, R., Siekmann, Jö., Ullrich, C., Yang, F. & Han, P. (2007), "Challenges in Search and Usage of Multi-media Learning Objects", In Proceedings of the 2005 Joint Chinese-German Workshop on Cognitive Systems. Shanghai, China. Volume 4429, pp. 36-44. Springer-Verlag.
Abstract: The definition, assembly and manipulation of learning objects is becoming more and more popular in learning environments. But despite standardization efforts their appropriate markup and practical usage still faces many difficulties, such as retrieval, true interoperability and cognitively adequate selection and presentation. This paper describes current work of the authors tackling some of these challenges.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Melisetal-MultimediaLOs-WSCS-2007,
  author = {Erica Melis and Ruimin Shen and Jörg Siekmann and Carsten Ullrich and Fan Yang and Peng Han},
  title = {Challenges in Search and Usage of Multi-media Learning Objects},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2005 Joint Chinese-German Workshop on Cognitive Systems},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {4429},
  pages = {36--44},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melisetal-MultimediaLOs-WSCS-2007.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Moormann, M., Ullrich, C., Goguadze, G. & Libbrecht, P. (2007), "How ActiveMath Supports Moderate Constructivist Mathematics Teaching", In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Technology in Mathematics Teaching, ICTMT8, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
Abstract: ActiveMath is a Web-based intelligent e-Learning system for mathematics that can support a moderate constructivist teaching: it supports students with an amount of guidance and leaves sufficient space for the learner's own choices, reflection and activities; a student can choose one or several learning goals, a context and a learning scenario and for which ActiveMath generates personalized learning material; at places in the learning material, the learner can extend the book according to her needs; the student can engage in truly interactive problem solving (an input editor eases the input of mathematical expressions). Backend-engines support the diagnosis of the user's input. When the student makes a mistake while exercising, feedback is given and hints can be requested. In addition, the learner can consult the semantic lexicon, she can acquire printed material, interact with an interactive tools.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{MelisetalICTMT07,
  author = {Erica Melis and Marianne Moormann and Carsten Ullrich and Georgi Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht},
  title = {How ActiveMath Supports Moderate Constructivist Mathematics Teaching},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Technology in Mathematics Teaching, ICTMT8, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic},
  year = {2007},
  note = {published on CD-ROM}
}
Lu, T., Ullrich, C. & Grabowski, B. (2007), "Course Generation as a Web-Service for E-Learning Systems", In The 2nd European Young Researchers Workshop on Service Oriented Computing. Leicester, UK., pp. 63-69. University of Leicester.
Abstract: A course generator provides personalized learning experiences by assembling structured sequences of learning objects that help learners to achieve their learning goals. They can be stored in a multitude of repositories and are selected by the course generator based on a set of pedagogical methods that take into account the learners' goals and individual properties such as mastery. This pedagogical knowledge needs to be elicited from pedagogical experts and hence is rather expensive to assess. Therefore, once a course generator has been developed, it makes sense to make course generation available as a web-service for web-based e-learning environments in order to reuse the pedagogical knowledge. In this paper, we present the web-service we developed for the course generator of the LeActiveMath system. We describe the service oriented architecture during the design and the suitability via the application.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{tluCarstenBabara,
  author = {Tianxiang Lu and Carsten Ullrich and Barbara Grabowski},
  title = {Course Generation as a Web-Service for E-Learning Systems},
  booktitle = {The 2nd European Young Researchers Workshop on Service Oriented Computing},
  publisher = {University of Leicester},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {63--69},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Luetal-CGWS-yrSOA-2007.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C., Chen, Q., Chen, S., Shen, L. & Shen, R. (2007), "Investigating the Reuse of Course Generation Knowledge", In Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies, Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE2007), Hiroshima, Japan. Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Volume 162, pp. 97-104. IOS Press.
Abstract: Course generation knowledge, i.e., how to assemble a sequence of learning objects which is adapted to a learner's goals, competencies and preferences, is hard to assess and expensive to formalize, at least if it is based on pedagogical principles. On the other hand, once a course generator has been developed, it allows generating personalized courses for individual users at a relatively low cost. Therefore, course generation lends itself of being available as a (Web) service such that other systems can access its functionality without having to implement the knowledge themselves. In this paper we investigate whether this reuse of course generation knowledge works in practice. We took a course generator that was developed in the European project LeActiveMath and made it available for use in a Chinese distant university. In the paper, we describe how we represent the generic course generation knowledge and the difficulties we faced and the results we achieved when we applied the course generator in the Chinese setting. We also report on using course generation in a bioinformatic workflow environment.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich-ICCE07,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Qinghua Chen and Sushing Chen and Liping Shen and Ruimin Shen},
  title = {Investigating the Reuse of Course Generation Knowledge},
  booktitle = {Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies, Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE2007), Hiroshima, Japan},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {162},
  pages = {97--104},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-ICCE07.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C., Shen, R. & Chen, S.-S. (2007), "Multimedia-Learning in a Life Science Workflow Environment", In Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2007, 8th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Hong Kong, China, December 11-14, 2007, Proceedings. Volume 4810, pp. 467-474. Springer.
Abstract: The Taverna workbench allows constructing highly complex analyses over life sciences data and computational resources. It provides access over 1000 of bioinformatic services, e.g., analysis algorithms for comparing genome sequences, and facilitates the construction of bioinformatic workflows. These workflows make tacit procedural bioinformatics explicit and as such lend themselves for being used in bioinformatics education. However, until now, no Taverna e-learning service exists. In this paper, we describe how Taverna can be used for learning and the services that need to be integrated in Taverna for that purpose. This includes a digital library of multimedia resources since multimedia, especially visualization, plays an important role in bioinformatics. Equally important is an intelligent educational service that automatically assembles learning activities and resources into a pedagogically coherent whole.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich-PCM07,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Ruimin Shen and Su-Shing Chen},
  title = {Multimedia-Learning in a Life Science Workflow Environment},
  booktitle = {Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2007, 8th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Hong Kong, China, December 11-14, 2007, Proceedings},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {4810},
  pages = {467--474},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-PCM07.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77255-2_61}
}
Ullrich, C. (2007), "Course Generation as a Hierarchical Task Network Planning Problem". School: Computer Science Department, Saarland University. Saarbrücken
Abstract: This thesis presents course generation based on Hierarchical Task Network planning (HTN planning). This course generation framework enables the formalization and application of complex and realistic pedagogical knowledge. Compared to previous course generation, this approach generates structured courses that are adapted to a variety of different learning goals and to the learners' competencies. The thesis describes basic techniques for course generation, which are used to formalize seven different types of courses (for instance introducing the learner to previously unknown concepts and supporting him during rehearsal) and several elementary learning goals (e.g., selecting an appropriate example or exercise).

The course generator developed in this thesis is service-oriented thus allowing the integration of learning supporting services into the generated course in a generic and pedagogically sensible way. Furthermore, learning environments can access the functionality of the course generator using a Web-service interface. Repositories are treated as services that can register at the course generator and make their content available for course generation. The registration is based on an ontology of instructional objects. Its classes allow categorizing laerning objects according to their pedagogical purpose in a more precise way than existing metadata specifications; hence it can be used for intelligent pedagogical functionalities other than course generation.

Course generation based on HTN planning is implemented in Paigos and was evaluated by technical, formative and summative evaluations. The technical evaluation primarily investigated the performance to Paigos; the formative and summative evaluations targeted the users' acceptance of Paigos and of the generated courses.

BibTeX:
@phdthesis{ullrich07:PHD,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Course Generation as a Hierarchical Task Network Planning Problem},
  school = {Computer Science Department, Saarland University},
  year = {2007},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/UllrichDiss.pdf}
}
Brooks, C., Greer, J., Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2006), "Combining ITS and eLearning Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges", In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Tutor Systems. Jhongli, Taiwan. Volume 4053, pp. 278-287. Springer-Verlag.
Abstract: The development of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) and eLearning systems has been progressing largely independently over the past several years. Both types of systems have strengths and weaknesses - ITSs are typically domain specific and rely on concise knowledge modeling and learner modeling, while eLearning systems are deployable in a wide range of circumstances and focus on connecting learners both to content and to one another. This paper provides possibilities for convergence of these two areas, and describes two of our experiences in providing an ITS-style approach to eLearning systems.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Brooksetal-CombITSEL-ITS-2006,
  author = {Christopher Brooks and Jim Greer and Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Combining ITS and eLearning Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Tutor Systems},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {4053},
  pages = {278--287},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Brooksetal-CombITSEL-ITS-2006.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11774303_28}
}
Groß, C., Moormann, M. & Ullrich, C. (2006), "An Overview of LeActiveMath -- Language-Enhanced, User-Adaptive, Interactive eLearning for Mathematics", In DES-Time 2006, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Technology and its Integration into Mathematics Education 2006. Dresden, Germany. July 2006.
Abstract: The LeActiveMath system is an innovative third generation eLearning system for school and university level learning, for classroom teaching as well as for self-study. It was developed in close collaboration between experts in math education and computer science and offers new ways to learn mathematics based on modern pedagogical approaches by adapting itself to the goals of the individual learner, to her/his competencies and motivation. Interactive tools serve to deepen the mathematical knowledge.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Grossetal-LeAM-DES-2006,
  author = {Christian Groß and Marianne Moormann and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {An Overview of LeActiveMath -- Language-Enhanced, User-Adaptive, Interactive eLearning for Mathematics},
  booktitle = {DES-Time 2006, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Technology and its Integration into Mathematics Education 2006},
  year = {2006},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Grossetal-LeAM-DES-2006.pdf}
}
Kärger, P., Ullrich, C. & Melis, E. (2006), "Integrating Learning Object Repositories Using a Mediator Architecture", In Innovative Approaches for Learning and Knowledge Sharing, Proceedings of the First European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning. Heraklion, Greece. October 2006. Volume 4227, pp. 185-197. Springer-Verlag.
Abstract: We propose a mediator architecture that allows a learning system to retrieve learning objects from heterogeneous repositories. A mediating component accepts queries formulated in a uniform query language, translates them into repository specific queries and passes them to each connected repository. For the translation of queries, a novel ontology-based query-rewriting method has been developed. The architecture has been realized in the Web-based, user-adaptive and interactive e-learning environment ActiveMath. Currently, it enables the ActiveMath's course planner to access four heterogeneous learning object repositories.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Kaergeretal-mediator-ectel06,
  author = {Philipp Kärger and Carsten Ullrich and Erica Melis},
  title = {Integrating Learning Object Repositories Using a Mediator Architecture},
  booktitle = {Innovative Approaches for Learning and Knowledge Sharing, Proceedings of the First European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {4227},
  pages = {185--197},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/kaergeretal-mediator-ectel06.pdf}
}
Kärger, P., Ullrich, C. & Melis, E. (2006), "Querying Learning Object Repositories via Ontology-Based Mediation", In Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies. July 2006., pp. 845-846. IEEE Computer Society.
Abstract: We propose a mediator architecture that allows a learning system to retrieve learning objects (LOs) from heterogeneous repositories of LOs and not exclusively from its proprietary repository. A mediating component accepts queries formulated in a uniform query language, translates them into repository specific queries and passes them to each connected repository. For the translation of queries, an ontology-based queryrewriting method has been developed which uses the specified knowledge representation of the repository and an ontology mapping to compute the rewriting steps for translating. For distributing queries we realized a mediating architecture, which passes the translated queries to the repositories. This architecture has been integrated in the Web-based, user-adaptive and interactive e-learning environment ActiveMath. Currently, it enables the ActiveMath's course planner to access four heterogeneous LO repositories. The course planning component can create courses adapted to the learner's goals, knowledge, learning behaviour and a specific learning scenario. To select adequate LOs, the course planner initially queried its proprietary repository MBase for LOs. The challenge our architecture faces is to integrate more than one repository into ActiveMath's course generation. Currently, with the help of the architecture here-proposed, the course planner retrieves LOs additionally from the repository of the DaMiT-system, of the MathsThesaurus, and the LeActiveMath ExerciseRepository.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Kaergeretal-mediator-icalt-06,
  author = {Philipp Kärger and Carsten Ullrich and Erica Melis},
  title = {Querying Learning Object Repositories via Ontology-Based Mediation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies},
  publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {845--846},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/icalt06_mediator.pdf}
}
Manzoor, S., Libbrecht, P., Ullrich, C. & Melis, E. (2006), "Authoring Presentation for OpenMath", In Mathematical Knowledge Management: 4th International Conference, MKM 2005, Bremen, Germany, July 15-17, 2005, Revised Selected Papers. Heidelberg. Volume 3863, pp. 33-48. Springer-Verlag.
Abstract: Some mathematical objects can have more than one notation. When a system compiles mathematical material from multiple sources, a management effort to maintain uniform and appropriate notations becomes necessary. Additionally, the need arises to facilitate the notations editing of the mathematical objects with authoring tools. In this paper, we present our work towards those needs. We have designed a framework that defines an authoring cycle supported by series of tools, which eases the creation of notations for the symbols in the process of publishing mathematics for the web.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Manzooretal-Notations-MKM-2005,
  author = {Shahid Manzoor and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich and Erica Melis},
  title = {Authoring Presentation for OpenMath},
  booktitle = {Mathematical Knowledge Management: 4th International Conference, MKM 2005, Bremen, Germany, July 15-17, 2005, Revised Selected Papers},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {3863},
  pages = {33--48},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Manzooretal-Notations-MKM-2005.pdf},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11618027}
}
Melis, E., Goguadze, G., Homik, M., Libbrecht, P., Ullrich, C. & Winterstein, S. (2006), "Semantic-Aware Components and Services of ActiveMath", British Journal of Educational Technology. Vol. 37(3), pp. 405-423.
Abstract: ActiveMath is a complex Web-based adaptive learning environment with a number of components and interactive learning tools. The basis for handling semantics of learning content is provided by its semantic (mathematics) content markup which is additionally annotated with educational metadata. Several components, tools, and external services can make use of that content markup, for instance a course generator, a semantic search engine, and user input evaluation services. The components and services have to communicate, pass content and state changes, actions, etc including mathematical semantics and educational markup. The novel event infrastructure supports this communication. This article focuses on usage of the content's semantics by selected novel components and sketches the communication.
BibTeX:
@article{Melisetal-SemanticAware-BJET-2005,
  author = {Erica Melis and Giorgi Goguadze and Martin Homik and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich and Stefan Winterstein},
  title = {Semantic-Aware Components and Services of ActiveMath},
  journal = {British Journal of Educational Technology},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {37},
  number = {3},
  pages = {405--423},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melisetal-SemanticAware-BJET-2005.pdf}
}
Rostanin, O., Ullrich, C., Holz, H. & Song, S. (2006), "Project TEAL: Add Adaptive e-Learning to your Workflows", In Proceedings: I-KNOW'06, 6th International Conference on Knowledge Management. Graz, Austria. September 2006., pp. 395-402.
Abstract: Workflow- or task- embedded e-learning is an actual trend in enterprise and office environments. Having been integrated into enterprise workflow or task management systems, e-learning turns into a powerful tool for enterprise knowledge management: the seamless integration into the working environment allows getting actual information about potential learning goals of the user; using up-to-date e-learning technologies enables just-in-time delivery of goal-oriented, user-tailored learning curricula, helping employees to solve problems autonomously and competently. This paper reports about the results of the project TEAL (Task-embedded adaptive e-Learning) taking place at German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI). The aim of the project was to prove the concepts and feasibility of task-embedded e-learning by designing a reference architecture and realizing prototypical implementation based on the existing components built at DFKI: WFMS Taskman, LCMS DaMiT and ActiveMath.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Rostaninetal-TEAL-IKNOW-2006,
  author = {Oleg Rostanin and Carsten Ullrich and Harald Holz and Shenwei Song},
  title = {Project TEAL: Add Adaptive e-Learning to your Workflows},
  booktitle = {Proceedings: I-KNOW'06, 6th International Conference on Knowledge Management},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {395--402},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Rostaninetal-TEAL-IKNOW-2006.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. & Ilghami, O. (2006), "Challenges and Solutions for Hierarchical Task Network Planning in E-Learning", In STAIRS 2006, Proceedings of the Third Starting AI Researchers' Symposium. Riva del Garda, Italy. Aug 2006. Volume 142, pp. 271-272. IOS Press.
Abstract: When we applied the Hierarchical Task Network framework to Web-Based E-Learning, we encountered several challenges, which we will describe in this paper, together with our solutions. We believe that this work is of general interest, as today's WBLE are excellent examples of distributed information systems and illustrate the challenges that can arise in complex scenarios.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{UllrichOkhtay-HTNEL-Stairs-2006,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Okhtay Ilghami},
  title = {Challenges and Solutions for Hierarchical Task Network Planning in E-Learning},
  booktitle = {STAIRS 2006, Proceedings of the Third Starting AI Researchers' Symposium},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {142},
  pages = {271--272},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/UllrichOkhtay-HTNEL-Stairs-2006.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2005), "Course Generation Based on HTN Planning", In Proceedings of 13th Annual Workshop of the SIG Adaptivity and User Modeling in Interactive Systems., pp. 74-79.
Abstract: A course generator automatically assembles learning objects retrieved from one or several repositories to a greater unit. Different frameworks for course generation exists, but only a few allow the representation of sophisticated pedagogical knowledge. In this paper, we describe course generation based on pedagogical tasks and methods, formalized in a hierarchical task network (HTN) planner. We describe the moderate constructivist learning strategy we implemented in this framework, problems that arouse from using HTN planning and their solutions. A first evaluation supports the practical value of our approach.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich-CourseGenerationHTN-ABIS-2005,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Course Generation Based on HTN Planning},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 13th Annual Workshop of the SIG Adaptivity and User Modeling in Interactive Systems},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {74--79},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-CourseGenerationHTN-ABIS-2005.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2005), "The learning-resource-type is dead, long live the learning- resource-type!", Learning Objects and Learning Designs. Vol. 1(1), pp. 7-15.
Abstract: Re-use is a major instructional and economic motivation for the wide propagation of the learning objects paradigm. Re-use, especially automatic re-use, requires metadata, and although IEEE LOM and similar standards provide an abundance of properties, they fail to represent relevant information about learning object, namely the instructional purpose of the object. The property learning-resource-type partly tackles the problem, but mixes several kinds of purposes and omits others. In this paper, I will describe an ontology of instructional objects that synthesizes a number of pedagogical theories and knowledge representations and provides an exhaustive description of the purpose of a learning object thanks to which instructional re-use becomes easier possible.
BibTeX:
@article{Ullrich-LearningResource-LOLD-2005,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {The learning-resource-type is dead, long live the learning- resource-type!},
  journal = {Learning Objects and Learning Designs},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7--15},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-LearningResource-LOLD-2005.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2005), "Tutorial Planning: Adapting Course Generation to Today's Needs", In Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education. Amsterdam., pp. 978. IOS Press.
Abstract: Most of today's course generation does not allow an in-depth, generic representation of pedagogical knowledge. However, supporting individual learners with different goals requires an elaborate representation of pedagogical expertise. In this paper, I describe a framework that adapts existing approaches for representing and using pedagogical knowledge to meet today's needs. Furthermore, I will show how in this framework several of today's problems are solved, such as the integration of distributed content and e-learning services within a course, dynamic adaptivity of a generated course, new forms of interaction, and offering course generation as a service.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich-TutorialPlanning-AIED-2005,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Tutorial Planning: Adapting Course Generation to Today's Needs},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {978},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-TutorialPlanning-AIED-2005.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2005), "Tutorial Planning: Adapting Course Generation to Today's Needs", In Young Researcher Track Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education. Amsterdam., pp. 155-160.
Abstract: Most of today's course generation does not allow an in-depth, generic representation of pedagogical knowledge. However, supporting individual learners with different goals requires an elaborate representation of pedagogical expertise. In this paper, I describe a framework that adapts existing approaches for representing and using pedagogical knowledge to meet today's needs. Furthermore, I will show how in this framework several of today's problems are solved, such as the integration of distributed content and e-learning services within a course, dynamic adaptivity of a generated course, new forms of interaction, and offering course generation as a service.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich-TutorialPlanningYRT-AIED-2005,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Tutorial Planning: Adapting Course Generation to Today's Needs},
  booktitle = {Young Researcher Track Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education},
  year = {2005},
  pages = {155--160},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-TutorialPlanningYRT-AIED-2005.pdf}
}
Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2004), "Gender-Biased Adaptations in Educational Adaptive Hypermedia", In Proceedings of the third International Conference on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems., pp. 425-428. Springer.
Abstract: Studies show that there is a statistically significant gender difference regarding computer usage. For instance, a majority of female users expect less success from an interaction with a computer and are more likely to blame themselves in case something goes wrong. As a result, women considerably less often use a computer as a tool than men do. Now, if women do not use a computer as much as men do, they will not profit as much from the advantages of computational systems as they potentially could. That's why this paper reviews work about the causes of this problem, investigates an extended model, and develops possible preventions and reactions to it. Appropriate adaptivity cannot, however, be based on mere gender information which represents a bias only and may imply cliches and discrimination. Adapting a system solely depending on the sex of the user could have the effect all users -- men and women -- will feel discriminated by facing a system that embodies a cliche. We think that an adaptive system with an appropriate user model can help to avoid a cliche-based treatment: the sex of a student is only used to initialize the user model and as soon as more detailed information about the aptitudes of the user is gained from his/her interaction, the initial values of the user model are refined. Moreover, the user should be in control about the behavior of the system at any time.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Melisetal-Gender-AH-2004,
  author = {Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Gender-Biased Adaptations in Educational Adaptive Hypermedia},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the third International Conference on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {425--428},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melisetal-Gender-AH-2004.pdf}
}
Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2004), "Gender-Biased Adaptations in Educational Adaptive Hypermedia". Fachbereich Informatik, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany, Technical Report SR-2004-05, 2004.
Abstract: Studies show that there is a statistically significant gender difference regarding computer usage. For instance, a majority of female users expect less success from an interaction with a computer and are more likely to blame themselves in case something goes wrong. As a result, women considerably less often use a computer as a tool than men do. Now, if women do not use a computer as much as men do, they will not profit as much from the advantages of computational systems as they potentially could. That's why this paper reviews work about the causes of this problem, investigates an extended model, and develops possible preventions and reactions to it. Appropriate adaptivity cannot, however, be based on mere gender information which represents a bias only and may imply cliches and discrimination. Adapting a system solely depending on the sex of the user could have the effect all users -- men and women -- will feel discriminated by facing a system that embodies a cliche. We think that an adaptive system with an appropriate user model can help to avoid a cliche-based treatment: the sex of a student is only used to initialize the user model and as soon as more detailed information about the aptitudes of the user is gained from his/her interaction, the initial values of the user model are refined. Moreover, the user should be in control about the behavior of the system at any time.
BibTeX:
@techreport{Melisetal-Gender-TR-2004,
  author = {Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Gender-Biased Adaptations in Educational Adaptive Hypermedia},
  year = {2004},
  number = {SR-2004-05},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melisetal-Gender-TR-2004.pdf}
}
Merceron, A., Oliveira, C., Scholl, M. & Ullrich, C. (2004), "Mining for Content Re-Use and Exchange -- Solutions and Problems", In Poster Proceedings of the 3rd International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC2004. Hiroshima, Japan. November 2004., pp. 39-40.
Abstract: Valuable information can be gained by mining metadata of educational resources. However, if the mined data is annotated using IEEE Learning Objects and Metadata standard (LOM), then significant pedagogical information is missing. In this paper, we will describe how an ontology of pedagogical objects that captures the "pedagogical semantics" of a learning resource helps data mining to retrieve more precise information. Two case studies illustrate the advantages of an ontological approach.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Merceronetal-Mining-ISWC-2004,
  author = {Agathe Merceron and Carlos Oliveira and Michel Scholl and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Mining for Content Re-Use and Exchange -- Solutions and Problems},
  booktitle = {Poster Proceedings of the 3rd International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC2004},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {39--40},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Merceronetal-Mining-ISWC-2004.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2004), "Description of an Instructional Ontology and its Application in Web Services for Education", In Poster Proceedings of the 3rd International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC2004. Hiroshima, Japan. November 2004., pp. 93-94.
Abstract: From an educational point of view, the potential of the Web is far from being reached. Although it offers an abundance of learning resources the search for educational resources is still tedious, and interoperability of e-learning systems only a wished-for goal. What is missing is a common ground for both human and machines. While there exist standards for describing learning resources, they fail to address the instructional purpose of a resource, for instance whether a web page provides a definition or a counter-example of a concept. However, such an explicit representation of the instructional function provides humans with a shared vocabulary and can serve as the basis for the semantic interoperability for machines. This article describes such a basis: an ontology of instructional objects (OIO) that captures the function of a learning resource. The article starts with describing several educational Web services that can benefit from it. Then, the ontology is described in detail.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich-InstructionalOntology-ISWC-2004,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Description of an Instructional Ontology and its Application in Web Services for Education},
  booktitle = {Poster Proceedings of the 3rd International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC2004},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {93--94},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-InstructionalOntology-ISWC-2004.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2004), "Description of an Instructional Ontology and its Application in Web Services for Education", In Proceedings of Workshop on Applications of Semantic Web Technologies for E-learning, SW-EL'04. Hiroshima, Japan. November 2004., pp. 17-23.
Abstract: In the last years, important steps have been undertaken to bring the e-learning web to its full potential. In this paper, I describe an ontology that can serve as a further step in this direction. The ontology captures the instructional function of a learning resource, in other words, its ``essence'' from a teaching/learning perspective, an aspect not yet covered by learning object metadata standards. It offers the well-known advantages of ontologies: it can provide humans with a shared vocabulary and can serve as the basis for the semantic interoperability for machines. The article motivates the need for such an ontology and describes several educational Web services that can benefit from it. To exemplify the generality of the ontology, the article describes how the ontology can be mapped onto several knowledge representations currently used in e-learning systems.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrich-InstructionalOntology-SWEL-2004,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Description of an Instructional Ontology and its Application in Web Services for Education},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Workshop on Applications of Semantic Web Technologies for E-learning, SW-EL'04},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {17--23},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-InstructionalOntology-SWEL-2004.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. & Chen, A. (2004), "An Easily Implementable Method to Support Goal-Directed Learning", In Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2004 . Lugano, Switzerland ., pp. 4059-4063 . AACE .
Abstract: More and more in education, the importance of learning how to learn is recognized. The faster factual knowledge changes, the more important skills on how to learn become. In this article, we describe a method for supporting the learner on one aspect of these meta-cognitive skills, namely setting learning goals and controlling their achievement. The method we propose uses data available in virtually every learning management system and, therefore, can be easily implemented and integrated in existing systems.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrichetal-LearningProgress-EDMEDIA-2004,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Aiping Chen},
  title = {An Easily Implementable Method to Support Goal-Directed Learning},
  booktitle = { Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2004 },
  publisher = { AACE },
  year = {2004},
  pages = { 4059--4063 },
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrichetal-LearningProgress-EDMEDIA-2004.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C., Libbrecht, P., Winterstein, S. & Mühlenbrock, M. (2004), "A Flexible and Efficient Presentation-Architecture for Adaptive Hypermedia: Description and Technical Evaluation", In Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2004), Joensuu, Finland., pp. 21-25.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Ullrichetal-Presentation-ICALT04,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Paul Libbrecht and Stefan Winterstein and Martin Mühlenbrock},
  title = {A Flexible and Efficient Presentation-Architecture for Adaptive Hypermedia: Description and Technical Evaluation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2004), Joensuu, Finland},
  year = {2004},
  pages = {21--25},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrichetal-Presentation-ICALT04.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Büdenbender, J., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P., Pollet, M. & Ullrich, C. (2003), "Knowledge Representation and Management in ActiveMath", Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, Special Issue on Management of Mathematical Knowledge. Vol. 38(1-3), pp. 47-64.
BibTeX:
@article{ActivemathAima03,
  author = {Erica Melis and Jochen Büdenbender and George Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Martin Pollet and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Knowledge Representation and Management in ActiveMath},
  journal = {Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, Special Issue on Management of Mathematical Knowledge},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {38},
  number = {1--3},
  pages = {47--64},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Knowledge_Representation_in_ActiveMath.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P. & Ullrich, C. (2003), "Wissensmodellierung und -nutzung in ActiveMath", KI. Vol. 1, pp. 12-18.
BibTeX:
@article{activemathKI03,
  author = {Erica Melis and George Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Wissensmodellierung und -nutzung in ActiveMath},
  journal = {KI},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {12--18},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Wissensmodellierung_ActiveMath_KI03.pdf}
}
Gonzalez-Palomo, A., Libbrecht, P. & Ullrich, C. (2003), "A Presentation Architecture for Individualized Content", In Workshop on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems, AH2003., pp. 87-98.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{ah03Presentation,
  author = {Alberto Gonzalez-Palomo and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {A Presentation Architecture for Individualized Content},
  booktitle = {Workshop on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems, AH2003},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {87--98},
  url = {http://wwwis.win.tue.nl/ah2003/proceedings/paper8.pdf}
}
Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2003), "Local and Global Feedback", In Artificial Intelligence in Education., pp. 476-478. IOS Press.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Aied03Local,
  author = {Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Local and Global Feedback},
  booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {476--478},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/ActiveMathLocalAndGlobalFeedback.pdf}
}
Izhutkin, V.S., Toktarova, V.I. & Ullrich, C. (2003), "Interactive studying elements of mathematical logic by means of the learning system ActiveMath", In Proceedings of the Russian scientific conference on Scientific service in the Internet. Novorossiysk. September 2003., pp. 153-154.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Izhutkinetal-Interactive-RRSC-2003,
  author = {Victor S. Izhutkin and Vera I. Toktarova and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Interactive studying elements of mathematical logic by means of the learning system ActiveMath},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Russian scientific conference on Scientific service in the Internet},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {153--154},
  note = {in Russian}
}
Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2003), "How to Teach it -- Polya-Scenarios in ActiveMath", In Artificial Intelligence in Education., pp. 141-147. IOS Press.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{MelisUllrichAIED03,
  author = {Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {How to Teach it -- Polya-Scenarios in ActiveMath},
  booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {141--147},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/HowToTeachItPolyaScenariosActiveMath.pdf}
}
Goguadze, G., Melis, E., Ullrich, C. & Cairns, P. (2003), "Problems and Solutions for Markup for Mathematical Examples and Exercises", In Proceedings of Second International Conference on Mathematical Knowledge Management, MKM03., pp. 80-93. Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{mkm03,
  author = {George Goguadze and Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich and Paul Cairns},
  title = {Problems and Solutions for Markup for Mathematical Examples and Exercises},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Second International Conference on Mathematical Knowledge Management, MKM03},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {80--93},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/EncodingExoExa.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2003), "Pedagogical Rules in ActiveMath and their Pedagogical Foundations". Universität des Saarlandes, FB Informatik, Technical Report SR-03-03, 2003.
BibTeX:
@techreport{UllrichTechrep03,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Pedagogical Rules in ActiveMath and their Pedagogical Foundations},
  year = {2003},
  number = {SR-03-03},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-PedRules-Techrep03.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C., Wallach, D. & Melis, E. (2003), "What is Poor Man's Eye Tracking Good For", In 17th Annual Human- Computer Interaction Conference 2003. Swindon. Volume 2 British Computer Society.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{UllrichWallachMelisHCI03,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Dieter Wallach and Erica Melis},
  title = {What is Poor Man's Eye Tracking Good For},
  booktitle = {17th Annual Human- Computer Interaction Conference 2003},
  publisher = {British Computer Society},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {2},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/PoorMansEyeTracking.pdf}
}
Gonzalez-Palomo, A., Libbrecht, P. & Ullrich, C. (2003), "A Presentation Architecture for Individualized Content", In Proceedings of the Twelfth International World Wide Web Conference.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{www03Presentation,
  author = {Alberto Gonzalez-Palomo and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {A Presentation Architecture for Individualized Content},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twelfth International World Wide Web Conference},
  year = {2003},
  url = {http://www2003.org/cdrom/papers/poster/p185/p185-Palomo.htm}
}
Libbrecht, P., Ullrich, C. & Winterstein, S. (2003), "An Efficient Presentation-Architecture for Personalized Content", In Proceedings of Berliner XML Tage 2003., pp. 379-388.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{xml03Efficient,
  author = {Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich and Stefan Winterstein},
  title = {An Efficient Presentation-Architecture for Personalized Content},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Berliner XML Tage 2003},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {379--388},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/EfficientPresentationArchitecture03Berlin.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2003), "An Instructional Component for Dynamic Course Generation and Delivery", In Proceedings of Berliner XML Tage 2003., pp. 467-473.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{xml03Instructional,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {An Instructional Component for Dynamic Course Generation and Delivery},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Berliner XML Tage 2003},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {467--473},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/InstructionalComponent03Berlin.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. & Melis, E. (2002), " The Poor Man's Eyetracker Tool of ActiveMath ", In Proceedings of World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2002 . Montreal, Canada ., pp. 2313-2316 . AACE .
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{eLearn2002,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich and Erica Melis},
  title = { The Poor Man's Eyetracker Tool of ActiveMath },
  booktitle = { Proceedings of World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2002 },
  publisher = { AACE },
  year = {2002},
  pages = { 2313--2316 },
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/PoorMansEyeTracker_Elearn02.pdf}
}
Büdenbender, J., Andrès, E., Frischauf, A., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P., Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2002), "Using Computer Algebra Systems as Cognitive Tools", In Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutor Systems (ITS-2002).(2363), pp. 802-810. Springer-Verlag.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{its02CAS,
  author = {Jochen Büdenbender and Eric Andrès and Adrian Frischauf and George Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Using Computer Algebra Systems as Cognitive Tools},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutor Systems (ITS-2002)},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2002},
  number = {2363},
  pages = {802--810},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/CASasCognitiveTools02ITS.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Büdenbender, J., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P. & Ullrich, C. (2002), "Semantics for Web-Based Mathematical Education Systems", In Proceedings of the WWW2002 International Workshop on the Semantic Web. Hawaii. May 2002.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{melis02:_seman_web,
  author = {Erica Melis and Jochen Büdenbender and Georgi Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Semantics for Web-Based Mathematical Education Systems},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the WWW2002 International Workshop on the Semantic Web},
  year = {2002},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/MelisSemanticsSWWHawai.pdf}
}
Siekmann, Jö., Benzmüller, C., Brezhnev, V., Cheikhrouhou, L., Fiedler, A., Franke, A., Horacek, H., Kohlhase, M., Meier, A., Melis, E., Moschner, M., Normann, I., Pollet, M., Sorge, V., Ullrich, C., Wirth, C.-P. & Zimmer, Jü. (2002), "Proof Development with OMEGA", In Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE-19). Copenhagen, Denmark., pp. 143-148.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{omega02,
  author = {Jörg Siekmann and Christoph Benzmüller and Vladimir Brezhnev and Lassaad Cheikhrouhou and Armin Fiedler and Andreas Franke and Helmut Horacek and Michael Kohlhase and Andreas Meier and Erica Melis and Markus Moschner and Imanuel Normann and Martin Pollet and Volker Sorge and Carsten Ullrich and Claus-Peter Wirth and Jürgen Zimmer},
  title = {Proof Development with OMEGA},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE-19)},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {143-148},
  url = {http://www.ags.uni-sb.de/~chris/papers/C11.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Andrès, E., Büdenbender, J., Frischauf, A., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P., Pollet, M. & Ullrich, C. (2001), "ActiveMath: A Generic and Adaptive Web-Based Learning Environment", International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education. Vol. 12(4), pp. 385-407.
BibTeX:
@article{activemathAIEDJ01,
  author = {Erica Melis and Eric Andrès and Jochen Büdenbender and Adrian Frischauf and George Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Martin Pollet and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {ActiveMath: A Generic and Adaptive Web-Based Learning Environment},
  journal = {International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {12},
  number = {4},
  pages = {385--407},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Melisetal-ActiveMath-AIEDJ-2001.pdf}
}
Libbrecht, P., Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2001), "The ActiveMath Learning Environment. System Description", In Calculemus Workshop at IJCAR., pp. 173-177.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{activemathCalculemus01,
  author = {Paul Libbrecht and Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {The ActiveMath Learning Environment. System Description},
  booktitle = {Calculemus Workshop at IJCAR},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {173--177},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/am-systemdescr.pdf}
}
Melis, E., Büdenbender, J., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P. & Ullrich, C. (2001), "Knowledge Representation and Management in ActiveMath", In LLWA01 - Tagungsband der GI-Workshopwoche ``Lernen - Lehren - Wissen - Adaptivität. Volume 763, pp. 173-179. Uni Dortmund.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{activemathGI01,
  author = {Erica Melis and Jochen Büdenbender and George Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Knowledge Representation and Management in ActiveMath},
  booktitle = {LLWA01 - Tagungsband der GI-Workshopwoche ``Lernen - Lehren - Wissen - Adaptivität},
  publisher = {Uni Dortmund},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {763},
  pages = {173--179}
}
Melis, E., Andrès, E., Goguadze, G., Libbrecht, P., Pollet, M. & Ullrich, C. (2001), "ActiveMath: System Description", In Artificial Intelligence in Education., pp. 580-582. IOS Press.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{AIEd01,
  author = {Erica Melis and Eric Andrès and George Goguadze and Paul Libbrecht and Martin Pollet and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {ActiveMath: System Description},
  booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {580--582},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/aied01.pdf}
}
Libbrecht, P., Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2001), "Generating Personalized Documents Using a Presentation Planner", In Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2001 . Norfolk, VA ., pp. 1124-1125 . AACE .
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{EdMedia01,
  author = {Paul Libbrecht and Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Generating Personalized Documents Using a Presentation Planner},
  booktitle = { Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2001 },
  publisher = { AACE },
  year = {2001},
  pages = { 1124--1125 },
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/edmedia01.pdf}
}
Libbrecht, P., Frischauf, A., Melis, E., Pollet, M. & Ullrich, C. (2001), "Integration of Mathematical Systems into the ActiveMath Learning Environment", In ISSAC-2001 Workshop on Internet Accessible Mathematical Computation.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{iamc,
  author = {Paul Libbrecht and Adrian Frischauf and Erica Melis and Martin Pollet and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Integration of Mathematical Systems into the ActiveMath Learning Environment},
  booktitle = {ISSAC-2001 Workshop on Internet Accessible Mathematical Computation},
  year = {2001},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/ExoIntegration.pdf}
}
Libbrecht, P., Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (2001), "ActiveMath , a Web-Based Learning Environment", IEEE Learning Technology Newsletter., July, 2001. Vol. 3(3), pp. 23-26.
BibTeX:
@article{LTNewsletter01,
  author = {Paul Libbrecht and Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {ActiveMath , a Web-Based Learning Environment},
  journal = {IEEE Learning Technology Newsletter},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {23--26},
  url = {http://lttf.ieee.org/learn_tech/issues/july2001/index.html#5}
}
Melis, E., Glasmacher, C., Ullrich, C. & Gerjets, P. (2001), "Automated Proof Planning for Instructional Design", In Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society., pp. 633-638.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{Melis01Automated,
  author = {Erica Melis and Christoph Glasmacher and Carsten Ullrich and Peter Gerjets},
  title = {Automated Proof Planning for Instructional Design},
  booktitle = {Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {633--638},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/cogsci.pdf}
}
Siekmann, Jö., Benzmüller, C., Fiedler, A., Franke, A., Horacek, H., Libbrecht, P., Kohlhase, M., Meier, A., Melis, E., Pollet, M., Sorge, V., Ullrich, C. & Zimmer, Jü. (2000), "Adaptive Course Generation and Presentation", In Proceedings of ITS-2000 Workshop on Adaptive and Intelligent Web-Based Education Systems., pp. 54-61.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{its2000ws2,
  author = {Jörg Siekmann and Christoph Benzmüller and Armin Fiedler and Andreas Franke and Helmut Horacek and Paul Libbrecht and Michael Kohlhase and Andreas Meier and Erica Melis and Martin Pollet and Volker Sorge and Carsten Ullrich and Jürgen Zimmer},
  title = {Adaptive Course Generation and Presentation},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of ITS-2000 Workshop on Adaptive and Intelligent Web-Based Education Systems},
  year = {2000},
  pages = {54--61},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/w2ITS2000.pdf}
}
Ullrich, C. (2000), "Analogie im Beweisplanen". School: Fachbereich Informatik, Universität des Saarlandes. Saarbrücken, Germany
Abstract: Analogical reasoning consists of transferring the solution of a previously solved problem (called source) onto a new problem (called target). In this thesis I describe TOPAL, an approach for the analogical transfer of mathematical proofs. The transfer is performed at the level of proof plans, therefore the application of abstract planning operators, called methods, is replayed in the new problem rather than the application of single calculus steps. In order to cope with the complexity of proofs at plan level, I had to extent existing analogy frameworks in several ways: Firstly, as in proof planning a standard higher order matcher can no longer compare source and target terms, I propose extensions to higher order matching that make these comparisons possible again. Secondly, the underlying assumption of most analogy systems, namely that the differences in term structure expressed via the matching can be used to guide the transfer and adaption of the source plan, is not valid in proof planning. Therefore I show how planning mechanisms can be used to fulfil the same purpose of guiding transfer and adaptions. Thirdly, I propose how theorem proving by analogy can be realised as one of several problem solving strategies. I identify situations in which the use of analogy makes sense and present the corresponding strategic control knowledge. Finally, I have evaluated TOPAL. The evaluation shows that the use of planning mechanisms enhances the performance of the analogical transfer. By using these mechanisms a great number of complex problems can be solved.
BibTeX:
@mastersthesis{Ullrich:aibp00,
  author = {Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Analogie im Beweisplanen},
  school = {Fachbereich Informatik, Universität des Saarlandes},
  year = {2000},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/Ullrich-aibp00.pdf}
}
Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (1999), "Interleaving Processes in Case-Based Planning", In 7th German Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning., pp. 20-29.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{GWCBR99,
  author = {Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Interleaving Processes in Case-Based Planning},
  booktitle = {7th German Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning},
  year = {1999},
  pages = {20--29},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/interleaving-processes-in-case.pdf}
}
Melis, E. & Ullrich, C. (1999), "Flexibly Interleaving Processes", In International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning. Volume 1650, pp. 263-275. Springer.
Abstract: We discuss several problems of analogy-driven proof plan construction which prevent a solution for more difficult target problems or make a solution very expensive. Some of these problems are due to the previously assumed fixed order of matching, reformulation, and replay in case-based reasoning and from a too restricted combination of planning from first principles with the analogy process. In order to overcome these problems we suggest to interleave matching and replay as well as case-based planning with planning from first principles. Secondly, the restricted mixture of case-based planning and planning from first principles in previous systems is generalised to intelligently employing different planning strategies with the objective to solve more problems at all and to solve problems more efficiently.
BibTeX:
@inproceedings{MelisUllrichICCBR99,
  author = {Erica Melis and Carsten Ullrich},
  title = {Flexibly Interleaving Processes},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {1650},
  pages = {263--275},
  url = {http://www.carstenullrich.net/pubs/flexiblyInterleaving.pdf}
}

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